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Parliament k.s. $17.50

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10 packs, 200 filtered cigarettes, King Size Box. (Tar 10mg, Nicotine 0.8mg) Made under control of Philip Moris Products S.A., Switzerland. Made in Europe.
   

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Cigarettes history

April 13, 2007

Word “cigarette” takes its origin from France, it means “little cigar”. First cigarette resemblance appeared in Indian tribes, but modern practice of smoking appeared in Spain and Mediterranean countries in the beginning of 19th century, and became popular in the times of Crimea war in 1854-1856.

British soldiers borrowed the smoking habit from Russian and Turkish soldiers. They rolled tobacco in paper pipes after gunpowder. It allowed them to smoke fast between military operations, on marches.

Appearance of “light” sorts of tobacco assisted in spreading of cigarettes, for example “White Berley” and of course inventing first machine for manufacturing cigarettes in the end of 1880s. Tobacco baron James Bukenen invested in introduction of this machine.

In 1901 was sold 3,5 billion of cigarettes and 6 billions of cigars. It witnessed that cigarettes became popular very fast. Following 10 years cigars were lagging behind cigarettes by sales value. During World War I cigarettes smoking became fashionable. Soldiers, who often did not have enough time to smoke cigar or pipe, began to smoke cigarettes. After war started so-called cigarette boom , especially in Europe and America.

In 1847 was founded well known company Philip Morris, which sells Turkish cigarettes of manual rolling. Soon in 1849 in Saint-Louis was founded J.E. Liggett and Brother company. In 1875 was founded R.J.Reynolds Tobacco Company. Cigarettes in USA were manufactured from wastage of other tobacco goods, especially of chewing tobacco which was popular those days in American west.

In 1902 British company Philip Morris opens a representative office in New York, where it occupies with active marketing of cigarettes, including popular brand Marlboro. Demand on cigarettes continues to rise, and in 1913 R.J.Reynolds company launches at the market Camel cigarettes. By 1923 Camel controls 45 percent of the USA market.

In 1920s important part in developing of tobacco industry played spreading the habit of cigarettes smoking among women. It began as demonstration of independence and soon smoking among women became usual. In first edition of his famous book about etiquette (1922) Emily Post wrote that woman may smoke and it is no bad thing in it. In 1924 Philip Morris begins to advertise Marlboro as cigarettes for women, “Mild as May”. To contradict competitors, American Tobacco Company a manufacturer of Lucky Strike brand, begins to advertise their cigarettes the same way and conquers 38% of the market. During the period 1925-1935 quantity of young women smokers increased in 3 times.

In 1939 American Tobacco Company launches new brand Pall Mall, due to it becomes the biggest tobacco company in the USA. During World War II (1939-1945) cigarettes sales are held on the high level. Cigarettes are included in soldiers’ ration as food. Tobacco companies send to soldiers millions of cigarettes for free and after war acquire enormous quantity of constant buyers. “Golden age” of tobacco industry is the end of 40s, beginning of 50’s when famous actors make cigarette smoking integral part of their image, luxurious and mysterious. In 50s due to numerous publications about tobacco harm, the biggest companies began to launch more safe cigarettes – with filter and with lower containing of tar and nicotine. In 1954 R.J.Reynolds launches Winston cigarettes with filter, and in 1956 – Salem cigarettes, first menthol cigarettes with filter. There were and unpleasant surprises – in 1952 . P. Lorillard launched Kent cigarettes with filter containing asbestos! Fortunately manufacturing of this brand was finished in 4 years. In 1968 was even made an attempt, but unsuccessful, to make smokers change nicotine cigarettes to non-nicotine cigarettes of Bravo brand. These cigarettes manufactured from lattice leaves were not popular.

Because of press attacks tobacco companies extend their assortment thanks to other goods.

Phillip Morris begins to cooperate with Miller Brewing Company, manufacturers of beer. Then R.J.Reynolds Tobacco Company changes its name and becomes R.J.Reynolds Industries, manufacturers another goods, in particular aluminium foil. American Tobacco Company also takes away from its name the word “tobacco” and becomes American Brands, Inc. Meanwhile Philip Morris continues varying their products, entering in General Foods Corporation and Kraft Inc. In 1985 R.J.Reynolds buy Nabisco company and becomes RJR/Nabisco.

In 80’s and 90’s USA tobacco companies intensively introduce their products in other countries especially in developing Asian countries. Marlboro is considering to be the brand number one in the world by yield (among all the goods categories, surpassing even Coca-Cola!) Its yield exceeds 30 billion dollars.

In 80’s smoking is considering as “political incorrect”, it is banned to smoke in most popular places, especially on workplaces. Advertisement of tobacco products is withdrawn from TV and is limited in other types. But today, society begins to think more tolerantly towards smoking, is finding compromises between smokers and non-smokers. All first-rate tobacco companies donate to charity, gives a lot of money for medicine, education and culture.


 


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